What are polyphenols?
Natural compounds the olive tree produces to protect itself from heat and oxygen. More than 30 different ones have been found in extra virgin olive oil. They give good oil its slightly bitter, peppery finish. An early harvest yields especially high levels. Refined olive oil loses most of them.
“You can’t fry with extra virgin olive oil.”
You can. In a 2018 study, ten common cooking oils were heated for hours. Extra virgin olive oil stayed the most stable and produced the fewest harmful breakdown products – canola, grapeseed and sunflower oil did worse. The reasons are its antioxidants and its high share of monounsaturated fats.
Source: De Alzaa, Guillaume & Ravetti, Acta Scientific Nutritional Health, 2018 – Read the study (PDF)
“Its smoke point is too low.”
Extra virgin olive oil only starts to smoke at around 190–210 °C. Pan-frying usually happens at 160–180 °C. And as the study above shows, smoke point says little about how stable an oil really is when heated. We recommend frying with olive oil over medium heat.
“The greener, the better.”
Colour says almost nothing about quality – it depends on the variety and ripeness of the olives. That is why professional tasters use dark blue glasses, so colour can’t sway their judgement.
“A good olive oil tastes mild.”
Not necessarily. A slight bitterness and a peppery tickle in the throat come from polyphenols and count as quality traits in official tasting. Early-harvest oil like ours is often fruity and peppery. An oil is faulty, on the other hand, when it smells rancid or musty.
“Olive oil keeps forever.”
Olive oil is a fresh product and is best within 12 to 18 months of harvest. Keep it dark, cool and tightly closed. It doesn’t need the fridge – it turns cloudy there, which is harmless.